Public health practitioner - integrated degree
Health and science
Level 6 -
Assessing and managing risk of disease and ill-health, and the prevention of premature deaths.
Reference: OCC0631
Status:
SOC 2020 sub unit groups:
- 2259/04 Health promotion officers
- 2115/09 Public health analysts
- 3221/01 Community workers
- 3582/99 Health and safety managers and officers n.e.c.
Technical Education Products
Employers involved in creating the standard:
London Borough of Greenwich, Public Health England, Barts Health NHS Trust, Lincolnshire County Council, Kent Community Health Foundation Trust, Livewell South West, Evolve, Yorkshire MESMAC, Derbyshire Community Health Services NHS Foundation Trust, Leeds City Council
Summary
Public Health Practitioners (PHPs) are found in a wide range of organisations including:
- Local councils
- Local or international agencies
- National Health Service (NHS)
- Business and industry
- Voluntary and community agencies eg: charities
Public health practitioners (PHPs) work as part of a national workforce that strives to help people and communities to maximise their potential for a healthy, happy and productive life, to live healthier for longer.
PHPs focus on health at a community or population level, assessing and managing risk of disease and ill-health, and the prevention of premature deaths. They monitor and promote health and wellbeing to ensure fairer health outcomes between different communities and groups (health inequalities). They put in place protection measures to protect the public from environmental hazards and risks. They evaluate sources of evidence, interpret it and design and plan health interventions.
PHPs work independently and collaboratively, both within their organisation and with others, to initiate and develop public health interventions and services (eg: obesity prevention programmes; infection prevention and control programmes; national risk-assessment and screening programmes). They work in a wide range of settings (eg: office, community, healthcare), working with different types of organisations (see list above), and with professionals and members of the public. They will usually be part of a team of public health professionals and may report to public health specialists and consultants from a range of backgrounds (including medicine). They might be expected to work out-of-hours or on-call so they need to be flexible and adaptable.
As a professionally competent PHP they act autonomously within the scope of their role. They implement plans and policies, and may help to develop those plans. They take responsibility for their continuous development; and the development, and possibly the supervision, of others. They manage their own workload and the prioritisation of activities, utilising their problem solving skills in a complex and changing environment. They may also be responsible for resources such as people, budgets, equipment or facilities.
Employers involved in creating the standard:
London Borough of Greenwich, Public Health England, Barts Health NHS Trust, Lincolnshire County Council, Kent Community Health Foundation Trust, Livewell South West, Evolve, Yorkshire MESMAC, Derbyshire Community Health Services NHS Foundation Trust, Leeds City Council
Typical job titles include:
Accident prevention officer
Cardiovascular disease (cvd) prevention lead
Community development worker
Community engagement officer
Health and wellbeing coordinator
Health improvement practitioner
Health protection practitioner
Healthy lifestyles coordinator
Immunisation programme coordinator
Public health data analyst
Public health intelligence officer
Public health practitioner
Public health project manager
Tobacco control lead
Workplace health advisor
Keywords:
Disease
Ill-health
Premature Death
Prevention
Public Health
Public Health Practitioner
Risk
Social Care
Knowledge, skills and behaviours (KSBs)
K1: different sources of data and intelligence and their strengths and limitations
K2: methods used to determine existing and future population health needs and how they are monitored (eg: within a local authority population) and for specific communities (eg: children and young people; people with life-long conditions such as diabetes; people living in prison)
K3: the complexities of health inequalities, how they occur, how they are measured, monitored and reported, and the impact on different societies and populations
K4: how to analyse and interpret the data generated when tracing patterns of disease and ill-health, and how this data is reported for communities and populations (eg: incidence and prevalence)
K5: the challenges of measuring health and wellbeing and health improvement, setting performance indicators for health–related programmes and services, and the importance of evaluation, audit and quality assurance
K6: methods used to engage with the public and local communities in line with prevailing evidence of effectiveness (eg: asset based approaches to community development), recognising the role of agency, autonomy, power and control
K7: how public health and wellbeing interventions are designed, planned and developed, informed by the best available evidence (about what works, and what doesn’t), and how to evaluate these interventions to track effectiveness and ensure continuing improvement
K8: the theories underpinning behavioural science and its relevance to a range of health and wellbeing outcomes, for individuals, communities, and populations, and the appropriate use of behaviour change techniques and tools for different groups, in different settings with different opportunities (e.g.: helping people to make healthy dietary choices; supporting people living with addiction; informing and minimising risk-taking behaviours; heeding health promoting messages and advice)
K9: the determinants of health, including the wider and social determinants; how these impact on the health and wellbeing of individuals, communities and populations; and the evidence-based approaches to consider when taking action to achieve better health and wellbeing outcomes for all, while ensuring that the needs of the most vulnerable are met
K10: infectious disease (incubation, transmission, hygiene, infection control, personal behaviours); how infectious disease can spread in a range of settings; and the prevention and management strategies and protocols used to manage the spread of infectious disease, including the identification, reporting and tracking of notifiable diseases, and current legislation
K11: the range of environmental hazards that can pose a risk to the public’s health, including chemical contamination and radiation, and the systems in place to prevent, report, monitor and manage these risks
K12: the challenges and successes of disease prevention and management programmes such as immunisation and screening, for whole populations, or specific groups, and the pre-requisites for these programmes to be most effective
K13: systems supporting emergency planning and response, the organisations responsible, and the role of public health
K14: how to mitigate risks to the public’s health using different approaches such as legislation, licensing, policy, education, fiscal measures
K15: how to critically appraise the evidence base, interpret its relevance and application to practice, and how it informs the basis of key public health messages and advice, and national guidance
K16: how public health interventions are designed, planned and developed, informed by the best available evidence (about what works, and what doesn’t), and when the evidence base is evolving
K17: how to evaluate public health interventions to track effectiveness; ensure continuing improvement; and contribute to the evidence base
K18: the ways in which health and care organisations and professionals are held to account for the quality and effectiveness of services and interventions, and how they keep themselves informed of new developments in technologies, treatments and therapies to improve efficacy
K19: the complexities of measuring health improvement, setting performance indicators for programmes and services, and the importance of evaluation, audit and quality assurance
K20: how health and care services are designed, planned and developed, informed by the best available evidence, and how they are monitored to track effectiveness and ensure continuing improvement
K21: how policy and strategy is formed and developed, nationally and locally
K22: how policies and strategies are used to implement change, improve services, and secure wide engagement in public health issues and outcomes, the social determinants of health, and the different government and local government departments that influence these
K23: the extent to which national and local policies, strategies and service planning impact on health and wellbeing
K24: the theories underpinning behavioural science and its relevance to a range of health and wellbeing outcomes, and how it informs the development of policy, strategy, and the planning and implementation of public health interventions and services
K25: the principles of partnership working and collaboration, and the skills and approaches necessary to do this successfully
K26: ways to determine the organisational relationships and inter-dependencies in the local field of operation; the boundaries of jurisdiction, accountability, and purpose; and where the opportunities for collaboration might lie
K27: the different approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of existing partnerships
K28: how health and care services are funded, the organisations responsible for the delivery of different services, and the tensions that arise from the availability of finite resources
K29: the complexities of measuring health improvement when setting performance indicators for programmes and services in specifications and agreements
K30: the legislation and regulations relating to procurement, commissioning models and theories of commissioning for outcomes
K31: how progress and deliverables against outcomes and processes agreed through a contract, service level agreement, or memorandum of understanding are managed and monitored
K32: the different organisations and agencies, both nationally and locally, that play a key role in the public’s health, their statutory duties and remits, and the leadership and other roles where key accountabilities lie
K33: ways to determine and overcome the challenges of making the business case for prevention against competing, and more immediate priorities, for key agencies positioned to promote and protect the public’s health
K34: the legislative framework and decision making, administrative and reporting processes that support political and democratic systems (e.g.: unitary and tiered local government structures and service accountabilities)
K35: a critical awareness of the political and other tensions that impact on public service provision, and public protection, and ways to encourage a focus on the interests of the public’s health (including helping individuals and communities to have more control over decisions that affect them and promote health equity, equality and justice)
K36: the theories and approaches that underpin the leadership and management culture within decision making organisations, including systems leadership approaches
K37: healthcare management systems and their applicability to public health systems (locally, regionally)
K38: leadership and management approaches that support the influencing role of public health practitioners in situations where they have some statutory authority, (e.g. through the statutory requirement for local authority public health teams to provide public healthcare advice to NHS commissioners), but also in situations when they do not have this authority
K39: approaches to transformational change management within health and care systems
K40: techniques and methods for communicating sometimes complex messages to different segments of the population to support choices and decisions made at an individual level that impact on health and wellbeing
K41: the techniques and methods used to engage with the public and local communities, and to consult with the public in a meaningful way, with an understanding of best practice in the use and application of these methods
K42: theories underpinning health education in addressing the wider determinants of health, and the promotion of health for individuals, groups and communities
K43: the relevance and application of behavioural science, and the use of social marketing techniques, to deliver accessible messages to different segments of populations and communities, to support behaviours and choices that are made at an individual or community level that impact on health, wellbeing, and healthy life expectancy
K44: the principles of programme and project management, and an understanding of the models of project and programme management being used to deliver public health activity
K45: the principles of corporate governance and accountability, and a recognition and understanding of the governance frameworks in place within your own organisation and through which public health action is delivered
K46: the importance of evaluation, audit and quality assurance
K47: how to identify opportunities to build capacity through the specialised and wider public health workforce to strengthen approaches to prevention, understanding the impact of local system capacity on the delivery of public health services and interventions
K48: the principles of corporate governance and accountability, and the importance of engaging with the organisational governance frameworks through which public health action is delivered
K49: economic analysis of services and interventions using tools and techniques to determine cost effectiveness, return on investment and value for money to inform decision making
K50: the factors that affect the ability of individuals to learn and develop within a community or work environment; and how to provide accessible learning opportunities that enable people to develop both their own learning and the learning of others
K51: theories informing the development of public health ethics and law, how these compare to medical ethics, and the different ethical theories that support different public health challenges
K52: making the best use of a range of ethical frameworks to support decision making when faced with different ethical dilemmas in practice
K53: a developed area of expertise in a particular area of public health (eg: the management of risk behaviours such as smoking, inactivity, poor nutrition; infectious disease prevention and control such as sexually transmitted infections, Tuberculosis (TB), or anti-microbial resistance (AMR); the implementation of immunisation and vaccination programmes; mental health and wellbeing; public health intelligence etc.)
K54: a critical insight into the accessibility and availability of health, care and other public services for different groups in the population and the barriers that may exist to prevent the public from successfully receiving the care and support that they need.
S1: analyse a range of data sets to draw informed conclusions about local public health needs and use of services, contributing to strategic needs assessments and operational service planning
S2: provide and present public health information, analysis, interpretation and insight to support decision making, business planning, policy and strategy development, performance monitoring, and quality assurance
S3: manage data and information in compliance with policy and protocol and assess and manage risks associated with using and sharing data and information, data security and intellectual property
S4: work with communities to facilitate their engagement and participation in needs assessments, service design and delivery, including action to improve access to, and navigation of, local services
S5: recognise where health inequalities prevail; determine how they will influence the planning of public health interventions and services; and to apply the evidence appropriately to make the most impact in alleviating these inequalities
S6: apply behavioural insights and information about community needs to support healthy choices that individuals might wish to make, and provide individuals, groups and communities with the capabilities to make changes to their behaviours (eg: increasing levels of physical activity), in the context of a wider set of interventions and actions
S7: participate effectively in the assessment and management of outbreaks, incidents, and single cases of contamination and communicable disease, locally and across boundaries
S8: apply protocol and standard operating procedures related to the management of infectious disease, and in response to civil emergencies and unscheduled events, within the scope of the role
S9: help to identify, analyse and manage the local impact of longer-term hazards and risks to health that may play out at a global, national or local level
S10: communicate the risks and benefits of immunisation and screening programmes to a range of audiences eg: health professionals, parents, people from a range of cultures
S11: use appropriate methods to access and appraise evidence gained through systematic methods and through engagement with the wider research community
S12: critique published and unpublished research, synthesise the evidence and draw appropriate conclusions
S13: report and advise on the implications of the evidence base for the most effective practice; to define problems and shape solutions; and to help in the delivery of value for money
S14: present an evidence based narrative that is suitably adjusted to inform different types of audiences with different levels of health literacy
S15: use and adapt appropriate research techniques and principles to evaluate local services and interventions to contribute to the local evidence-base for effectiveness
S16: monitor, evaluate and disseminate (report) the impact of health and care projects, services and interventions, including quality impact
S17: engage stakeholders (including service users) in service design and development, to deliver accessible and equitable person-centred services
S18: implement standards, protocols and procedures, incorporating national ‘best practice’ guidance into local delivery systems
S19: appraise and implement government-led policies and strategies locally (eg: ensuring the equitable and effective implementation of winter fuel schemes to prevent deaths from cold; the implementation of the NHS Health Check programme)
S20: assess the impact and benefits of health and other policies and strategies on the public’s health and health inequalities (eg: using health impact assessment approaches or tools)
S21: develop or implement actions plans, with, and for, specific groups and communities, to deliver outcomes identified in strategies and policies
S22: evaluate one’s own interpersonal skills, and adapt to different situations through a developed proficiency in negotiation, influencing, diplomacy, mediation, facilitation
S23: use appropriate methods to establish and sustain effective working relationships with local partners in order to bring about positive outcomes in the health and wellbeing of the local population
S24: work collaboratively with colleagues across a broad range of partnership organisations to identify local needs, agree priorities, and deliver on action plans for joint health improvement programmes or services across the area
S25: interact with other specialists and colleagues to improve health and reduce health inequalities through the development, monitoring and review of public health programmes, including the commissioning and delivery of these programmes
S26: ensure, where relevant, that tendering and procurement processes are managed appropriately and within policy and legislative requirements when commissioning, planning or providing a range of services to bring about improvements in the public’s health (including the drawing up and negotiation of service specifications and performance indicators)
S27: facilitate positive contractual relationships understanding how disagreements and changes can be managed within legislative and operational frameworks
S28: Operate appropriately within the decision making, administrative and reporting processes that support political and democratic systems
S29: present a compelling case for action to improve health and wellbeing and reduce inequalities, using appropriate methods to capture and interpret the evidence
S30: use appropriate community engagement techniques to support individuals and communities to have more control over decisions that affect them while promoting health equity, equality and justice
S31: respond constructively to political and other tensions while encouraging a focus on the interests of the public’s health
S32: to engender trust by acting reliably with integrity, consistency and purpose
S33: work effectively within a team that is collectively responsible for leading and managing areas of public health business including the management or supervision of staff, resources or finances
S34: use appropriate leadership skills to engage others, build relationships, manage conflict, encourage contribution and sustain commitment to deliver shared objectives
S35: adapt to change, manage uncertainty, solve problems, and align clear goals with lines of accountability in complex and unpredictable environments
S36: communicate complex information and concepts, including health outcomes, inequalities and life expectancy, to a range of different audiences using different methods (e.g.: exploiting the evolving opportunities of digital capability and dependency, and the associated need for some audiences to be assisted with digital communications)
S37: work with communities to facilitate their engagement and participation in action to improve access to, and navigation of, local services and interventions, and to improve health literacy where it is a barrier to access
S38: apply a range of tools and technologies to improve health literacy where it is creating a barrier to accessing services and information
S39: manage public perception of health risks or solutions, and convey key messages using a range of media processes
S40: consult, and listen to individuals, groups and communities likely to be affected by planned intervention or change
S41: engage stakeholders and work collaboratively with colleagues across a broad range of partnership organisations to identify local needs, agree priorities and develop action plans for joint public health programmes across boundaries
S42: support the development, monitoring and review of public health programmes; identifying risks to delivery and the appropriate risk and issue reporting mechanisms; and re-assessing delivery schedules and methods to respond constructively to change
S43: develop projects and plans with key stakeholders and partner agencies to address local public health needs and bring about improvements in identified areas. Lead or contribute to delivery of these projects as appropriate within the scope of your role
S44: identify the resources needed to develop and deliver new public health activity, or to sustain public health services and interventions, and how these resources might be sourced
S45: help to determine shared priorities and action plans for public health programmes working with colleagues both from within the same organisation and across a range of other agencies
S46: build capacity and capability across the field of operation to increase impact and effectiveness of public health programmes and interventions, engaging with professional colleagues, and other groups of workers or volunteers who make up the wider public health workforce
S47: use appropriate tools and methods to appraise ethical tensions and to make decisions that promote ethical practice
S48: think and write reflectively about one’s own practice, lessons learned, and things that can be done differently for better outcomes eg: to keep a reflective log as part of one’s continuing professional development
S49: demonstrate professional characteristics throughout the course of one’s work eg: engendering trust; assuring confidentiality where appropriate; understanding one’s own limitations in terms of capability, accountability and expertise; the addressing of risks and issues in a timely and appropriate manner
S50: demonstrate awareness of personal impact on others, both fellow professionals, external partners and members of the public
B1: promotes the ability of others to make informed decisions
B2: acknowledges the importance of data confidentiality and disclosure and use of data sharing protocols
B3: acts in ways that are consistent with legislation, policies, governance frameworks and systems
B4: recognises peoples expressed beliefs and preferences
B5: promotes equality and diversity
B6: recognises the need for, and makes use of, opportunities for personal and others’ development while recognising different approaches and preferences for learning
B7: recognises ethical dilemmas or issues and addresses them appropriately e.g.: through the use of ethical frameworks
B8: recognises and acts within the limits of own competence seeking advice when needed
B9: contributes to the development and improvement of own and others' practice in public health by the application of evidence in improving own area of work
B10: objectively and constructively contributes to reviewing the effectiveness of own area of work
B11: values people as individuals
B12: continually develops own practice by reflecting on own behaviour and role, identifying where improvements can be made
Duties
Duty D1
measure, monitor and report population health and wellbeing; health needs, risks, and inequalities; and the use of services
Duty D2
promote population and community health and wellbeing, addressing the wider determinants of health and health inequalities
Duty D3
protect the public from environmental hazards, communicable disease, and other health risks, while addressing inequalities in risk exposure and outcomes
Duty D4
access and use the evidence base, conduct research and provide informed advice
Duty D5
audit, evaluate and re-design services and interventions to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities
Duty D6
work with, and through, policies and strategies to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities
Duty D7
work collaboratively across agencies and boundaries to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities
Duty D8
work in a commissioning based culture to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities
Duty D9
work within political and democratic systems and with a range of organisational cultures to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities
Duty D10
provide leadership to drive improvement in health outcomes and the reduction of health inequalities
Duty D11
communicate with others to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities
Duty D12
design and manage programmes and projects to improve health and reduce health inequalities
Duty D13
prioritise and manage resources at a population/systems level to achieve equitable health outcomes and return on investment
Duty D14
work within ethical and professional boundaries while promoting population health and wellbeing, and addressing health inequalities
Occupational Progression
This occupational progression map shows technical occupations that have transferable knowledge and skills.
In this map, the focused occupation is highlighted in yellow. The arrows indicate where transferable knowledge and skills exist between two occupations. This map shows some of the strongest progression links between the focused occupation and other occupations.
It is anticipated that individuals would be required to undertake further learning or training to progress to and from occupations. To find out more about an occupation featured in the progression map, including the learning options available, click the occupation.
Progression decisions have been reached by comparing the knowledge and skills statements between occupational standards, combined with individualised learner movement data.
Technical Occupations
Levels 2-3
Higher Technical Occupations
Levels 4-5
Professional Occupations
Levels 6-7
Health and science